US US20260235519A1
[0000] Photothermal microscopy systems and associated methods are disclosed that enable ultra-sensitive photothermal imaging, using whispering gallery mode (WGM) resonators, which for example can detect single 5 nm quantum dots with an SNR over 10<4>. One example photothermal microscopy system includes a WGM optical resonator, such as a microtoroid WGM resonator, which holds the particle of interest. The system also includes a modulated pump laser with a first wavelength having an amplitude modulation frequency that is less than 1000 Hz, and a probe laser with a second wavelength that is different from first wavelength for coupling to the resonator. The system also includes a photodetector that detects light from the resonator, a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) that receives signals from the photodetector. An output of the PID controller includes information indicative of shifts in resonance frequency of the optical resonator in response to illumination of the optical resonator with the amplitude modulated laser light.
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