STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION OF ARTIFICAL HIP PROSTHESES BY FINITE ELEMENT METHOD

The hip joint connects the upper and lowér partsof the human body, bearing our entire upper body weight and thus playing an important role in the musculoskeletal system. Among the compdnents of human osteoarticular system, hip joint is exposed to the highest risk of overload and degeneration changes and is subject to frequent damage. Disease processes (rheumatoid arthritis) whích intensifies with age, falls, and traffic accidents etc. causé that the number of the implanted prostheses is increasingly high each year. Hip joint replacement for the human body is a complex and dynamic field. Engineers and orthopedics combines to make a perspn's life as normal, to get a painless life. Biomechanics is the study of bódy movement, in order to design and produce the ideal prósthesis. The design of the joints are mainly concerned with the causes of geometry of prósthesis, material properties of the prósthesis, material of the natural lubricants, and the insertion dynamics. Collections of this literatura based on these works are reported. The fiíiite element approach is mostly used ¡h engineering applications and is used for biomechanics. This approach is used for designing the prostheses for total hip replacement. The various geométrica) shapes are introduced to elimínate the cement loosening from the stem, but in this work the curyed geometry is introduced in the design of prostheses to elimínate cement loosening then double curved geometry and vertical slot will introduced, collar is applied at below the proximal área to minimize the stress levelin the curved geometry areá it will assist the prostheses to withstand for máximum natural human working environmental loading condition. Sharp edges on the prostheses eliminated ¡n this prostheses design. The static analyses have been conducted for the four different geometrical shapes of the prostheses then the results are compared. The finite element analysis made on the prostheses with TÍ-6AI-4V alloy, the main aim of this analysis is to get a mínimum stress valué of prostheses for obtainíng highly durable prostheses